Much of the information we have available is posted under on our web site. The specific information you requested is under ""Standards for Soil Survey"".
http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/nssc/
The Soil Survey Manual is out of print and only available as an electronic version at this time. This publication is our standard for describing soil profiles.
http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/ssm/gen_cont.html
Soil Taxonomy is our standard for soil classification. It is also available under ""Standards for Soil Survey"" http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/nssc/
Information on other classification systems is available at:
http://www.itc.nl/~rossiter/research/rsrch_ss.html
I hope this information is useful to you.